Czenstochov - Our Legacy (1993)

Czenstochov - Our Legacy (1993)

- a Memorial Book edited and published by Harry Klein

This Yizkor Book was published in Montreal, in 1993, edited and published by Harry Klein.

It tells the story of the first and second generations of Holocaust Survivors in Częstochowa Jewish communities in the United States of America and in Canada.

In the book’s preface, Harry Klein writes,

With every passing year, there are fewer survivors of the Holocaust. Their unique ability to testify about the horrors of the Nazi crimes disappears as they die. Their children play an increasingly significant role in perpetuating the memory of that terrible past .

This statement, made by Harry Klein in 1993, carries even more meaning today.

Harry Klein ends his preface with,

Recounting any facet of the Holocaust is not a pleasant task. Hitler and his henchmen went on a rampage of mass murder.Yet, the world did not stop them. The world looked on. This ought to be one of the most powerful lessons we learned. It must never happen again!

According to our Częstochowa Yizkor Book Project coordinator, Andrew Rajcher:

In total, this book contains almost 480 pages, most of which are in English. Only the last 117 pages comprise “The Yiddish Section” – it is only those pages which, when translated into English, will appear in this section of the Częstochowa Yizkor Book Project.

To view the entire book (both Yiddish and English sections), click HERE.

In translating this Yizkor Book, every effort has been made to translate, as accurately as possible, the Yiddish text and to transliterate (and double-check) the names of people and places as they would have been spelt in a historically, accurate manner (surnames may have been changed post-War). This includes the use of Polish diacritics where appropriate.
(Such care and research may not have been carried out in translations of this Yizkor Book appearing elsewhere.) 
PLEASE NOTE: A great number of people are mentioned in this book. If any of these landsleit have relatives, who were in the Landsmannschaften, please email us if the spelling of their name is incorrect.

This Yizkor book, in its entirety, has been professionally translated into English
for the FIRST time.

The professional English translation of this Yizkor book has been made possible by the financial support of the

Wolf Rajcher z”l and Dora Rajcher z”l were both Holocaust survivors from Częstochowa.

They were prisoners in both the “Big Ghetto” and the “Small Ghetto” and, until liberation, were slave labourers in HASAG-Pelcery. Following the War, they emigrated to Melbourne Australia.

Upon the passing of both his parents, their son, Andrew Rajcher, established this charitable fund in their memory.

Chapters/articles are listed in the order in which they appear in the Yizkor Book.
(The numbers in brackets, after each article, correspond to the appropriate page numbers in the Yizkor Book.)

Harry Klein: Foreword (1-1)

Zvi Rosenvein: Our Duty (2-4)

Table of Contents – Yiddish Section (5-5)

Szlojme Waga: An Atmosphere of Fear Reigns in the Ghetto (7-12)

Zvi Rosenvein: The Destruction of a Great Jewish Community (13-15)

Dates of the Deportations in Częstochowa (16-16)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Dr Filip Friedman’s Contribution to the History of Częstochowa (17-20)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Rafał Federman (21-23)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein (24-24)

Harry Klein: How Jewish Life Looked in Częstochowa (25-26)

Harry Klein: Fragments of Jewish Life in Częstochowa on the Eve of the Second World War (27-27)

Harry Klein: Resistance in the Ghettos and Camps (28-29)

The Yiddish Press (30-30)

Chonon Kiel: The Fight to Save the Jewish Cemetery in a Town Without Jews (31-32)

Zvi Rosenvein: Notices From a Different Planet (33-35)

A. Chrobolovsky: Young Jewish Writers in the Yizkor Book Czenstochov (36-38)

[Dr Zvi Cohen]: The Rabbi and Prodigy Reb Nachum Asz ztz’’l (39-42)

[Dr Zvi Cohen]: The Częstochower Rebbe, Reb Awigdor z’’l (43-45)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Personalities and Figures from a Destroyed World – Rabbi Josef Prokosz ztz’’l (46-49)

Szmuel Prokosz: Three Generations (50-50)

George Klein: In Memory of My Parents, Who Perished in Sanctification of [God’s] Name  (51-53)

Zvi Rosenvein: Jakow Klajner RIP (54-55)

Photographs (56-56)

Zvi Rosenvein: Shadows in the Night (57-59)

Harry Klein: I Shall not Forget You, My Shtetl (60-60)

H. Leivick: We Must Not Desecrate Our Martyrs (61-63)

Symcha Silver (Zylberberg) (63-63)

Rabbi Benjamin Borzykowski (64-64)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Cwi Rozenwajn [aka Zvi Rosenvein] (65-67)

Harry Klein: My Bygone Home (68-68)

Harry Klein: For the Thirty Eighth Memorial Service – held on 19th October 1980 (69-71)

Harry Klein: Shoes (72-72)

Liber Brener: Jewish Settlement in Częstochowa After the Second World War (1945-1956)  (73-78)

A. Gelbard: The Częstochowa Uprising  (79-81)


ENGLISH TRANSLATION:

Dave Horowitz-Larochette


IMPORTANT NOTICE

While the English translation is available for download, it may not, either in part or as a whole, be distributed or published without the prior written permission of Andrew Rajcher, the copyright-holder of this English-language version of the Yiddish Section of this Yizkor Book.


Relevant Writings

Relevant Writings

by various authors

In this section of our website, we publish relevant research and academic papers, which we believe will be of interest to our website’s visitors.

Papers will be listed here alphabetically by author.

Wherever possible, permission from the author is always sought prior to publication here.

(If you have any recommendations for the inclusion of additional material, please advise our Webmaster: aragorn@axiomcs.com.au).


Mizgalska-Osowiecka, Dr Magdalena: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Second Polish Republic and the Issue of Jewish Emigration from Poland in the Second Half of the 1930s. (2022)

Morawska, Wiktoria: Case Study – Lost Identity and the New Synagogue in Częstochowa (2022)

Stola, Prof. Dariusz: Scholars and Coming to Terms With the Holocaust in Poland (2021)


Czenstochover Landsmanshaft of Montreal (1966)

Czenstochover Landsmanshaft of Montreal (1966)

Memorial Book

This Yizkor Book was published in Montreal, in 1966, by the Czenstochover Landmannshaft of Montreal.

The organisation can trace its origins back to 16th December 1945, when it was established by longstanding residents of Montreal, who had a profound sentiment for their city which had been destroyed and who wished to support the Survivors. The name of the organisation was then the “Czenstochover Regional Aid Society in Montreal”.

With the post-War stream of immigration to Canada, many landsleit among them, the Society’s work was reorganised, under the new name of the “Czenstochover Society [Landsmannschaft] Montreal”.

According to this Yizkor Book’s introduction:

This book contains historical treatises, documents, testimonies taken from miraculously-saved landsleit, and descriptions of the communal and cultural life of our bygone, cherished Częstochowa. There are essays here about institutions, personalities, outstanding people and common Jews ….

According to our translator David Horowitz-Larochette:

Much of the information found here will probably be completely new. It is not just a re-write of previous Yizkor Books, with an emphasis on Montreal, but it actually provides a great many, new details and insights.

In translating this Yizkor Book, every effort has been made to translate, as accurately as possible, the Yiddish text and to transliterate (and double-check) the names of people and places as they would have been spelt in a historically, accurate manner (surnames may have been changed post-War). This includes the use of Polish diacritics where appropriate.
(Such care and research may not have been carried out in translations of this Yizkor Book appearing elsewhere.) 
PLEASE NOTE: A great number of people are mentioned in this book. If any of these landsleit have relatives, who were in the Montreal Landsmannschaft, please email us if the spelling of their name is incorrect.

This Yizkor book, in its entirety, has been professionally translated into English
for the FIRST time.

The professional English translation of this Yizkor book has been made possible by the financial support of the

Wolf Rajcher z”l and Dora Rajcher z”l were both Holocaust survivors from Częstochowa.

They were prisoners in both the “Big Ghetto” and the “Small Ghetto” and, until liberation, were slave labourers in HASAG-Pelcery. Following the War, they emigrated to Melbourne Australia.

Upon the passing of both his parents, their son, Andrew Rajcher, established this charitable fund in their memory.

Click on SECTION HEADINGS to reveal chapters.
Chapters/articles are listed in the order in which they appear in the Yizkor Book.
(The numbers in brackets, after each article, correspond to the appropriate page numbers in the Yizkor Book.)

Title Pages (1-4)

Table of Contents (5-7)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: “Częstochowa” – a poem (8-8)

Introduction (9-9)

Foundation of the Czenstochover and Vicinity Aid Society of Montreal (10-10)

The First Yizkor Service (10-10)

Nathan Gelber (11-11)

George Klein (12-12)

Harry Berkowicz (13-13)

Abram Mayerowicz (14-14)

David Gelber (15-15)

Motl Silver (Zylberberg) (16-16)

Willie Yablon (Wolf Jabłonkiewicz) (17-17)

Bessie Silver (Zylberberg) (18-18)

HISTORY and ACTIVITIES

Activities of the Czenstochover and Vicinity Aid Society of Montreal (20-20)

The Establishment of the Czenstochover Landsmanshaft (20-20)

The Executive of the Czenstochover Landsmanshaft of Montreal (21-30)

Ladies Auxiliary (30-31)

Constitution of the Czenstochover Landsmanshaft of Montreal (32-33)

Relief Campaigns (33-36)

Memorial Services (36-37)

Chazukes, Bikor Cholim, Sefer Ha’Zchus, Financial Means (38-39)

Welcome Celebrations (39-40)

Contacts with Other Częstochowa Organisations (40-43)

Events and Activities (44-54)

[Our] Losses (55-57)

Demonstration Against the Statute of Limitations (58-58)

Twentieth Anniversary of Liberation (58-59)

Monument (59-59)

The Book Committees (60-61)

General Achievements (61-61)

Archival Materials (62-76)

Czenstochover Relief Committee in New York (77-77)

A Message from Rabbi Benjamin Borzykowski (78-78)

A Message from Kopl Konarski (79-81)

The Foundation and Activities of the Chenstochover and Vicinity Aid Society of Toronto (82-84)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Lajbke Jakubowicz (85-86)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Szlojme Waga (87-90)

Zvi Rosenvein: Dr Benjamin Orenstein (91-96)

Lajbke Jakubowicz: Symcha Silver (Zylberberg) (97-98)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Rafał Federman (99-101)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Cwi Rozenwajn [aka Zvi Rosenvein] (102-104)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Berl Ickowicz (105-106)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Harry Klein (107-108)

Lajbke Jakubowicz: My Biography (109-110)

Photo Album – Yiddish Section (No page numbers)

Photo Album – English Section (No page numbers)

Harry Klein: The Tradition of a Częstochowa Family (113-113)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Berek Pieprz [aka Ben Pepper] (114-115)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Dawid Koniecpoler (116-118)

Wolf Skorup: The Biography of a Częstochower Landsmann in Israel – Godl Frajtag (118-120)

Berl and Sala (née Nudelman) Ickowicz (123-123)

Mojsze and Miriam (née Cukerman) Altman (124-124)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein (125-125)

Rywka ( née Wajchman) Abramson & Szlojme [Szlama] Białystoker (126-126)

Morris Bobrow (Bobrowski) & Chana Boruchowska-Prokosz (127-127)

Aron & Fryment  (née Konopińska) Birenbaum (128-128)

Lajbisz Birenbaum & [his nephew] Szlojme Birenbaum (129-129)

Berl Broder [sic Broda] & Lajbel Brower [sic] [brothers] (130-130)

Machel Bergman & Jonas Berk (Berkowicz) (131-131)

Zofja (née Mestel) & Stanisław (Staszek) Grajcer (132-132)

Mordche Dudkewicz & Mordche Herszlikowicz (133-133)

Szlojme Waga (134-134)

Adam Wallace (Wrocławski) & [his daughter] Suzy (135-135)

Josl Wrocławski & Mania Lajchter (136-136)

Symcha & Chaja (nee Bergman) Silver (Zylberberg) (137-137)

Tadek & Dorka (nee Kopinska) Zylberszac (Zilbert) (138-138)

[Brothers] Icek & Mendel Jabłonkiewicz (Yablon) (139-139)

Majer & Fela Chłopak (140-140)

Bernard & Sabina (nee Szyfer) Lazarowicz (141-141)

Natalia (nee Wajsfelner) Lazarowicz & Izrael Lapides (142-142)

Mojsze & Regina (née Krakowska) Lewkowicz (143-143)

Simon & Dorka (née Gabel) Lerner pp. 144-144 (144-144)

Zelig & Hela (née Rozenbaum) Neufeld (145-145)

Lucy (nee Miętkiewicz) Nisker & David Nirenberg (146-146)

Liber & Hanka (née Katz) Segal (147-147)

Edward & Ester (née Gabel) Srebrnik (148-148)

Nadzieja [Nadia] (née Jakubowicz) Sporn & Ewa (née Zomper) Freiberg (149-149)

Berek & Cela (née Dilewska) Pieprz (150-150)

Szmul Prokosz & [his son] Josef (151-151)

Mendel & Chana’le (née Erlichman) Friedlander (152-152)

Abram Kamiński & Motek Kajzer (153-153)

Jechaskiel Konarski (154-154)

Mania (née Klajner) Konarski & Netty (née Bocian) Konarski (155-155)

Staszek & Gutka (née Nirenberg) Kartuz (156-156)

Harry (Herszl) & Chawa (née Borensztajn) Klein (Klajner) (157-157)

Herszl & Halina (née Opatowska) Rozenblum (158-158)

Madzia (née Klajner) Rozenberg & Nuta Rozencwajg (159-159)

[Brothers] Rubin & Dawid Rudnicki (160-160)

Szlojme Szwimer & Berl Szynkarski (161-161)

Dates of the Deportations in Częstochowa (164-164)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: The Nazi Murderer Degenhardt (165-173)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: The Evacuation Transport from HASAG-Pelcery to Germany (174-190)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: The Resistance Struggle of Częstochowa Jewry Against the Nazi Regime (191-212)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: High Holidays 1943-44 at the HASAG-Pelcery Concentration Camp and the Biographies of Two Young Częstochowa Cantors (213-218)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: A Chapter of My Experiences in Częstochowa During the Nazi Epoch (219-224)

Harry Klein: The Destruction of the Częstochowa Jewry During the Nazi Epoch (225-230)

Mojsze Altman: The Tragic Yom Kippur of 1942 (231-233)

Herszl Rozenblum: From Rottleberode to Gardelegen (234-235)

Rywka Abramson: Kłobuck, a Shtetl Near Częstochowa (236-236)

Zvi Rosenvein: Częstochowa’s Avenues (237-240)

Mojsze Altman: The Beginning of Częstochowa’s Destruction (241-242)

Szlojme Waga: The Destruction of Częstochowa Jewry (243-245)

Harry Klein: “Bloody Purim” in the Częstochowa “Small Ghetto” (246-247)

Tadek [Dawid-Zalman] Zylberszac (Zilbert): Episodes From the Nazi “Vale of Tears” (248-256)

Lajbel Bergman: Częstochower Landsleit at the Cieszanów Concentration Camp (257-258)

Harry Klein: My Bygone Home (259-259)

Harry Klein: From the “Small Ghetto” to Bliżyn and Auschwitz (260-265)

Szlojme Waga: A Dream That Never Came True (266-267)

Zvi Rosenvein: Shadows in the Night (268-270)

Rivka Kopé: The First Akcja – a poem (273-273)

Harry Klein: Shoes – a poem (274-274)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Four poems – Destined, In the “Small Ghetto”, Bread, HASAG (275-278)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: The Letter Carrier (279-280)

A. Chrobolovsky: Young Jewish Writers in the Yizkor Book Czenstochov (281-283)

Sarah Hamer-Jacklyn: Bunker 39 in Częstochowa (284-286)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Rabbi Josef Prokosz ztz’’l(289-292)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Dr Filip Friedman’s Contribution to the History of Częstochowa (293-296)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Yecheskel Silver (Zylberberg) RIP (297-298)

George Klein: In Memory of My Parents, Who Perished in Sanctification of [God’s] Name (299-301)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Reb Abram Wajskop z’’l (302-302)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Reb Szlojme Lerner RIP (303-304)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Szlojme Dilewski RIP (305-305)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Ida Maze [Massey] RIP (306-309)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Perl Prokosz RIP – the “Mother of the Shanghai Ghetto” (310-313)

Szmul Prokosz: A Eulogy – for Perl Prokosz (314-315)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Felicia Wallace (Wrocławska) RIP (316-317)

Dr Benjamin Orenstein: Rena Waga RIP (318-320)

Zvi Rosenvein: Jakow Klajner RIP (321-322)

Dawid Koniecpoler: My Mother’s Last Minutes (323-323)

Szmul Prokosz: The Luminous Personality of the Częstochowa Holy Martyr, Bencel RIP (324-325)

Eliasz Sztajnic: Dr Henryk (Herszl) Lajzerowicz (326-326)

Lajbke Jakubowicz: In Memory of My Deceased Friend, Josef Zylberberg (327-327)

To Eternal Memory – Tributes & Photographs (328-350)

Memorial Services & Headstone Pictures (last chapter – no page numbers)


ENGLISH TRANSLATION:

Dave Horowitz-Larochette


IMPORTANT NOTICE

While the English translation is available for download, it may not, either in part or as a whole, be distributed or published without the prior written permission of Andrew Rajcher, the copyright-holder of this English-language version of this Yizkor Book.


Destruction and Resistance of a Jewish Town (1949)

Destruction and Resistance of a Jewish Town (1949)

by Dr. Benjamin Orenstein

This Yizkor Book, by Dr. Benjamin Orenstein, was published in Montreal in 1949, very soon after he arrived in Canada from post-War Germany.

While this Yizkor Book is only twenty pages long, thereby qualifying more as a “booklet”, it seems to have been often overlooked. Nevertheless, it earns a place within our Project because of the statistics that it contains and because of its author.

Orenstein, in various publications, became a prolific chronicler of events, relating to Częstochowa Jewry, both during and after the Holocaust.

According to his entry in “Częstochowa Jews – A Biographical Dictionary”(Częstochowa, 2019): Benjamin Orenstein,

“… soon left Germany and, on 28th October 1948, he came to Canada and settled in Montreal, where there were many Częstochowa Jews in a very active community.

He was soon elected as the chairman of the local Częstochowa landsmannschaft, later also serving as its general secretary.”

Orenstein is passionate in his commitment to ensuring that the memory of those Częstochowa Jews, who perished in the Holocaust, should be immortalised for posterity. At the end of the introduction to this booklet, he says,

Oh, you brothers and sisters who have fallen in the active and passive struggle – I immortalise your sacred memory with the blood of my heart!


This Yizkor book, in its entirety, has been professionally translated into English.

The professional English translation of this Yizkor book has been made possible by the financial support of the

Wolf Rajcher z”l and Dora Rajcher z”l were both Holocaust survivors from Częstochowa.

They were prisoners in both the “Big Ghetto” and the “Small Ghetto” and, until liberation, were slave labourers in HASAG-Pelcery. Following the War, they emigrated to Melbourne Australia.

Upon the passing of both his parents, their son, Andrew Rajcher, established this charitable fund in their memory.

(The numbers in brackets, after each chapter, correspond to the appropriate page numbers in the Yizkor Book.)

Title Pages and Introduction (1-4)

The Destruction of Częstochowa Jewry – Statistical Data (5-10)

The Underground Movement in Częstochowa (11-20)


ENGLISH TRANSLATION:

Dave Horowitz-Larochette


IMPORTANT NOTICE

While the English translation is available for download, it may not, either in part or as a whole, be distributed or published without the prior written permission of Andrew Rajcher, the copyright-holder of this English-language version of this Yizkor Book.


Prison Memoirs (1915)

Prison Memoirs (1915)

by Mosze Cieszyński

This Yizkor Book was published in New York in 1915, immediately after the events, written about, took place. It is an account of the author’s arrest, imprisonment in the Częstochowa prison and eventual release.

While this booklet is not, in the traditional sense, a “Yizkor Book”, and although it lacks historical information such as names etc., it opens up a fascinating window into an epoch, which has seldom been portrayed in other Yizkor Books. It, therefore, warrants its inclusion in our Project.

According to his entry in “Częstochowa Jews – A Biographical Dictionary”(Częstochowa, 2019): Mosze Cieszyński was a

“… journalist, bookseller and publisher. He was born on 8th October 1889 in Częstochowa, the son of Jakub, a fish trader, and Estera Fajgla née Gnendelman.

From 1912, he was the most important contributor to the Jewish press in Częstochowa, starting with the Czenstochower Reklamenblat’, ‘Wochnblat’ and ‘Tageblat’.

In 1914, together with other committee members of the Bakery Workers’ Union, he was arrested [by the Russian military police] for appearing at a union meeting and spent a couple of months in prison.

“[After his release], in 1914, shortly before the outbreak of the War, Cieszyński left for the United States … In 1915, in New York, his “Turme derinerungen” (“Prison Memoirs”) was published.

In 1922, he settled in Chicago where he opened a bookshop, which became a centre for Jewish readers, writers and intelligentsia from all directions. Cieszyński also published articles on political, social and literary topics for quite a number of newspapers and magazines in Chicago, New York, Philadelphia, Toronto, Buenos Aires and in other places.”


This Yizkor book, in its entirety, has been professionally translated into English.

The professional English translation of this Yizkor book has been made possible by the financial support of the

Wolf Rajcher z”l and Dora Rajcher z”l were both Holocaust survivors from Częstochowa.

They were prisoners in both the “Big Ghetto” and the “Small Ghetto” and, until liberation, were slave labourers in HASAG-Pelcery. Following the War, they emigrated to Melbourne Australia.

Upon the passing of both his parents, their son, Andrew Rajcher, established this charitable fund in their memory.

Although this work was originally published as one unbroken story,
we have divided it into three chapters for the reader’s convenience.

(The numbers in brackets, after each chapter, correspond to the appropriate page numbers in the Yizkor Book.)

The Arrest (1-16)

Prison (17-33)

Deliverance (34-41)


ENGLISH TRANSLATION:

Dave Horowitz-Larochette


IMPORTANT NOTICE

While the English translation is available for download, it may not, either in part or as a whole, be distributed or published without the prior written permission of Andrew Rajcher, the copyright-holder of this English-language version of this Yizkor Book.


Resistance and Destruction in the Częstochowa Ghetto (<1952)

Resistance and Destruction in the Częstochowa Ghetto (<1952)

by Liber Brener

This Yizkor Book was published in Wrocław, Poland, prior to 1952.

The introduction to this Yizkor Book states:

This work by Liber Brener which we present, ‘Resistance and Destruction in the Częstochowa Ghetto’, is an expansion and an elaboration of a diary, which the author kept during a lengthy period in the ghetto and [labour] camp. Following liberation, L. Brener recovered these memoirs, revised them and complemented them with an array of German, Polish and Yiddish documents, as well as with testimonies from other surviving Jews from the Częstochowa Ghetto.”

Liber BRENER (1897-1986), was a teacher, social activist and chronicler. He was born on 4th November 1897 in Turzysk (Wołyń), the son of Naftali and Chana.

The Breners were a poor Chassidic family. His father was a gabbai (managing the court) of the son of the Turzysk tzaddik, Reb Dodie (Dawid Aron Twersk)i, later to become a tzaddik in both Żarki and Częstochowa. His mother owned a small stall selling flour.

After the war, Brener went to work for the Yiddish-Buch publishing house in Warsaw. He was the editor of books published, in Yiddish, for schools and adult readers. The Communist Party’s antisemitic campaign, in 1967 and 1968, forced Brener to leave Poland for Israel.

In translating this Yizkor Book, every effort has been made to translate, as accurately as possible, the Yiddish text and to transliterate (and double-check) the names of people and places as they would have been spelt in a historically, accurate manner (surnames may have been changed post-War). This includes the use of Polish diacritics where appropriate.
(Such care and research may not have been carried out in translations of this Yizkor Book appearing elsewhere.)

This Yizkor book, in its entirety, has been professionally translated into English.

The professional English translation of this Yizkor book has been made possible by the financial support of the

Wolf Rajcher z”l and Dora Rajcher z”l were both Holocaust survivors from Częstochowa.

They were prisoners in both the “Big Ghetto” and the “Small Ghetto” and, until liberation, were slave labourers in HASAG-Pelcery. Following the War, they emigrated to Melbourne Australia.

Upon the passing of both his parents, their son, Andrew Rajcher, established this charitable fund in their memory.

Chapters are listed in the order in which they appear in the Yizkor Book.
(The numbers in brackets, after each article, correspond to the appropriate page numbers in the Yizkor Book.)

Table of Contents (Created by translator)

Introduction (0-4)

The First Tortures (5-11)

The Judenrat and its Authority (11-20)

The Ghetto (20-25)

Forced Labour (25-32)

Jews Would Escape from the Collection Point (32-34)

The Jewish Police (35-39)

The Economic Situation of the Jews in the Ghetto (39-42)

Social Aid (43-51)

Cultural Activity (51-58)

The Underground Movement in the Ghetto (58-65)

Demographic Proportions (65-70)

On the Eve of the Liquidation (70-76)

The Great Liquidation (76-89)

The “Small Ghetto” (89-112)

The Resistance Movement in the “Small Ghetto” (113-137)

Inside the HASAG Camps (138-157)

Underground Work in HASAG and in the Koniecpol Woods (157-166)

The Last Days in the Częstochowa HASAG Camps (166-169)

A List of the Jewish Doctors [and Dentists] in Częstochowa Who Perished During the German Occupation (174-176)

Please note: Even though they are not listed above, pages 170-173 are actually NOT missing.
In the original text, these pages contain end-notes and a table of corrections,
which our translator has already incorporated into the above texts.


ENGLISH TRANSLATION:

Dave Horowitz-Larochette


IMPORTANT NOTICE

While the English translation is available for download, it may not, either in part or as a whole, be distributed or published without the prior written permission of Andrew Rajcher, the copyright-holder of this English-language version of this Yizkor Book.


Churbn Czenstochow (1949)

Churbn Czenstochow (1949)

"The Destruction of Częstochowa" - by Szlomo Waga

This Yizkor Book was published in Buenos Aires, in 1949, by the Central Union of Polish Jewry in Argentina [Unión Central Israelita Polaca en la Argentina].

In his review of this book, published in the Czenstochov (1958) Yizkor Book, Dr. W. Gliksman writes:

“Szlomo Waga’s book is based mainly on personal experiences. In the book, no other sources or testimonies are presented other than the events which the author lived through himself and to which he was eyewitness…..

Certain events, such as “Bloody Monday” for instance, which caused the author himself to become azakładnik’ [hostage], Waga describes more comprehensively. In others, he limits himself to a briefer account….

Waga also did not fail to note the moral descent of the elements which served in the police force. It is understood that the element, in general, is being dealt with here and not individual, good people ‐ exceptions. Waga witnessed the debauchery of the constables, high officials of the ‘Judenrat’ and similar servants [of the Nazis] at the city’s night locales, while the masses of people were starving. Here, above all, the martyrdom of the children emerges, who were the providers of livelihood for poor homes…..”

In translating this Yizkor Book, every effort has been made to translate, as accurately as possible, the Yiddish text and to transliterate (and double-check) the names of people and places as they would have been spelt in a historically, accurate manner (surnames may have been changed post-War). This includes the use of Polish diacritics where appropriate. (Such care and research may not have been carried out in translations of this Yizkor Book appearing elsewhere.)

This Yizkor book, in its entirety, has been professionally translated into English.

The professional English translation of this Yizkor book has been made possible by the financial support of the

Wolf Rajcher z”l and Dora Rajcher z”l were both Holocaust survivors from Częstochowa.

They were prisoners in both the “Big Ghetto” and the “Small Ghetto” and, until liberation, were slave labourers in HASAG-Pelcery. Following the War, they emigrated to Melbourne Australia.

Upon the passing of both his parents, their son, Andrew Rajcher, established this charitable fund in their memory.

Chapters are listed in the order in which they appear in the Yizkor Book.
(The numbers in brackets, after each article, correspond to the appropriate page numbers in the Yizkor Book.)

Introduction (1-6)

Table of Contents (7-8)

I – The Germans in Częstochowa (9-10)

II – “Bloody Monday” (11-16)

III – Under the Nazi Yoke (12-26)

IV – More Mortal Fear (26-30)

V – Pillage and Sadism (30-33)

VI – “Aryans” (33-36)

VII – The First Decrees (36-39)

VIII – Vandalism on the Part of the Volksdeutschen (39-41)

IX – Taxes and Evictions (41-47)

X – In the Claws of the Gestapo (47-56)

XI – Persecutions and Thievery (56-59)

XII – News From Łódź (59-63)

XIII – Slavery (63-69)

XIV – Cieszanów Labour Camp (69-75)

XV – The Activity of the Judenrat (75-85)

XVI – “Aryanisation” of Jewish Businesses (85-89)

XVII – The Liquidation of Jewish Factories (89-95)

XVIII – “Providing for Culture” (95-97)

XIX – Extermination (97-100)

XX – Ghetto (100-108)

XXI – Lost Souls (108-115)

XXII – Jewish Police (115-120)

XXIII – Life Goes On… (120-122)

XXIV – The New War (123-125)

XXV – The Masses Starve (125-130)

XXVI – Traitors (130-140)

XXVII – Intensified Terror (140-146)

XXVIII – The Akcja [Operation] of 22nd September 1942 (146-154)

XXIX – The Second Akcja (154-155)

XXX – Hunger in the Ghetto (155-159)

XXXI – Bunkers (159-165)

XXXII – The Third Akcja (165-168)

XXXIII – The Subsequent Akcje (168-179)

XXXIV – The New Ghetto (179-181)

XXXV – From Ghetto to “Labour Camp” (181-183)

XXXVI – In the “Labour Camp” (183-196)

XXXVII – Yet Another Akcja (197-208)

XXXVIII – “Aryans” and “Muslims” (208-210)

XXXIX – Three Ghettoes (210-211)

XL – The End of the Craftsmen’s House (212-219)

XLI – “The Journey to Palestine” (219-225)

From the Publisher (226-231)

Translator’s Comment:

After reading this Yizkor book, it seems that Waga’s book ends rather abruptly. Just by reading it, one cannot but wonder what happened to the author, or indeed his wife and children, followng the massacre of the Częstochowa intellectuals on Purim 1943.  His story is obviously just halfway told and there has to be more to it.


ENGLISH TRANSLATION:

Dave Horowitz-Larochette


IMPORTANT NOTICE

While the English translation is available for download, it may not, either in part or as a whole, be distributed or published without the prior written permission of Andrew Rajcher, the copyright-holder of this English-language version of this Yizkor Book.


Churban Czenstochow (1948)

Churban Czenstochow (1948)

"The Destruction of Częstochowa" - by Benjamin Orenstein

This Yizkor Book was published, in 1948, by the Central Administration of the Częstochower Landsmannschaft in the American Zone in Germany. Being published so soon after World War Two, when memories of the horrors are still fresh, it provides us with even more insights into the destruction of Częstochowa Jewry.

As Dr Filip Friedman states in the book’s Foreword:

The author set himself the task of encompassing the tragedy of the Częstochowa Jews as comprehensively as possible. He described it in the tone of the pulsating Jewish life in Częstochowa prior to the War. ….

I am sure that Orenstein’s work introduces much new information with the abundance of materials that he has gathered, with his comprehensiveness and descriptions and his systematic and transparent composition of the historical material. …..

It is a work which constitutes an important contribution to the historical research of the era of destruction, and is concurrently a worthy and earnest memorial to the Jewish community of Częstochowa …

In his introduction to the book, Dr Cwi Kantor writes:

… the book has been published in the Latin script. [In] this, the Central Administration has taken into account the fact that – to our great regret – there is still a great part of the Jews in Germany and overseas for whom it is difficult or who are completely unable to read any quadrilateral Yiddish letters.

[Webmaster: There are two Yizkor Books written with the same title – “Churban Czenstochow” – one by Szlomo Waga and, this one, by Benjamin Orenstein. As far as we know, this is the FIRST PROFESSIONAL, English-language translation of this book.]


This Yizkor book has been PROFESSIONALLY translated into English,
for the FIRST TIME, in its entirety!

The professional English translation of this Częstochowa Yizkor book has been made possible by the financial support of the

Wolf Rajcher z”l and Dora Rajcher z”l were both Holocaust survivors from Częstochowa.

They were prisoners in both the “Big Ghetto” and the “Small Ghetto” and, until liberation, were slave labourers in HASAG-Pelcery. Following the War, they emigrated to Melbourne Australia.

Upon the passing of both his parents, their son, Andrew Rajcher, established this charitable fund in their memory.

Click on PART No. HEADINGS to reveal chapters.
Chapters are listed in the order in which they appear in the Yizkor Book.
(The numbers in brackets, after each article, correspond to the appropriate page numbers in the book.)

Introduction (1-3)

Table of Contents (4-7)

Foreword – by Dr Filip Friedman (8-9)

The Book Churban Czenstochow – by Dr Cwi Kantor (10-11)

Introduction (12-17)

Excesses Against Jews in Częstochowa (18-22)

Economic Life (22-27)

Jewish Communal Life Before the War (27-33)

Political Life (33-36)

Cultural Life (37-47)

The Outbreak of the War (47-50)

“Bloody Monday” (51-53)

The First Days of the German Occupying Authorities (54-56)

The Establishment of the Judenrat (57-62)

The Unpaid Work Force (63-65)

“The White House” (65-67)

The Formation of the “Big Ghetto” (67-70)

The Jewish Police – Inspectorate of Street Traffic & Jewish Ordnungsdienst (70-72)

Life in the Ghetto (72-78)

The Workers Council (79-86)

The End of the Workers Council in the “Big Ghetto” (86-88)

The First Test Run & First “Resettlement” – 22nd September 1942 (89-94)

The First to be Barracked in HASAG-Pelcery (95-96)

Other Barracks Sites  (97-98)

The Second “Resettlement”  (98-100)

The Third “Resettlement”  (100-100)

The Fourth “Resettlement”  (100-100)

The Fifth “Resettlement”  (101-102)

The People in the Bunkers and Their Fate (102-119)

Selection Amidst the Ghetto Police (120-121)

The Möbellager (121-124)

Metalurgia (124-125)

Braland (125-126)

Ul. Garibaldiego (126-127)

Raków (128-130)

Enro (130-132)

Warta (132-136)

Częstochowianka (136-138)

The Underground Movement (139-145)

The Jewish Fighting Organisation [ŻOB] (146-151)

Production of Grenades in the Częstochowa “Small Ghetto” (151-154)

Mojtek Zylberberg (155-156)

Rywka Glanc (156-158)

Josl Kantor (158-159)

Nute Słomnicki (159-159)

Jechezkel Kantor (160-161)

Arje Mendelbaum (161-161)

Berl (Bolek) Gewercman (161-162)

Janek Krauze (162-164)

Izrael-Awigdor Szyldhaus (164-165)

Eliezer Szmulewicz (165-166)

Cwi Rozenwajn (167-169)

Gerszon Prętki (170-170)

Mojsze Lubling (171-172)

Bernard Kurland (172-174)

Marzej Krauze (174-178)

Mordche Herman (178-178)

Rozenberg (180-180)

Mojsze Domb [Dąb] (181-184)

The Role of Częstochowers in Treblinka (185-193)

The Formation of the “Small Ghetto” (194-195)

Life in the “Small Ghetto” (196-197)

The Attitude of the Polish Populace Towards the Persecuted Jews (198-200)

Jewish Communal and Cultural Life in the “Big Ghetto”, the “Small Ghetto” and the HASAG-Pelcery Camp (200-219)

Częstochower Folklore During the Nazi Period (220-222)

“Aryan Papers” (223-225)

Obłway – Round-Ups and Manhunts (225-229)

Selections (230-234)

Propraganda (234-236)

The Murderers of Częstochowa Jewry (237-246)

The Development of Events in the “Small Ghetto” and Its Liquidation (247-257)

Life in HASAG-Pelcery and Its Organisational System (257-261)

Selections in HASAG-Pelcery (262-263)

Life in HASAG-Pelcery, Until November 1944, Following the Selection on 24th July 1943 (263-269)

Dr. Bresler (270-271)

Bartenschlager’s Rule in HASAG-Pelcery – From November 1944 to 16th January 1945 (271-274)

The Fate of Those Removed From HASAG-Pelcery (274-277)

The Evacuation Transport from Częstochowa to Buchenwald (277-281)

Life in the Dora Concentration Camp (281-291)

What is a Kapo? (291-292)

The Evacuation from Dora to Bergen-Belsen (293-295)

Liberation in Bergen-Belsen (295-297)

Częstochowa’s [Surviving] Remnant (301-311)

Speech by Estera Epsztajn (312-313)

Speech by Henoch Pradelski (314-316)

Speech by Dr Cwi Kantor (317-319)

Speech by Benjamin Orenstein (319-321)

Speech by Aron Gelbard (321-324)

Speech by Cwi Rozenwajn (324-326)

Speech by Dr. Szmul Gringauz (327-327)

Speech by Mendel Goldberg (327-328)

Speech by Chaim Sztajer (328-328)

Poems by Szulim Bergman (329-332)

Second Congresses of the Liberated in the American Zone (333-334)

Częstochowa Delegation at the Unveiling of a Monument in Mallersdorf (335-336)

Life Goes On (337-337)

Isroel-Josef Kutner z’’l (338-340)

Efrojim-Nechemje Trombkowski z’’l  (341-343)

Introduction  (347-347)

Religious Authorities – Rabbi Nachum Asz z’’l  (348-349)

Religious Authorities – Rabbi Mojsze Halter z’’l  (350-350)

Religious Authorities – The Częstochower Maggid (350-351)

Religious Authorities – Rabbinical Judges [Dayanim] (351-352)

Religious Authorities – Ritual Slaughterers [Shochtim] (352-353)

Cantors – Abram-Ber Birenbaum z’’l [and Zyskind Rozental, Josef Badasz] (353-356)

Artists – Professor [Icchak] Zaks (356-357)

Artists – Ajzyk Karpiel (357-358)

Artists – Professor [Perec] Wilenberg (358-359)

Synagogue Custodians [Shamoshim] – Urn Shames (359-360)

Synagogue Custodians [Shamoshim] – Kalman Szczekacz (361-361)

Synagogue Custodians [Shamoshim] – Majer Biczner (362-362)

Jewish Kehilla Presidents [& Public Figures] – Szmul Goldsztajn (362-363)

Jewish Kehilla Presidents [& Public Figures] – Josef [sic Jakób] Rozenberg (363-363)

Jewish Kehilla Presidents [& Public Figures] – Chaim Weksler (363-364)

Jewish Kehilla Presidents [& Public Figures] – Szmul Niemirowski (364-366)

Jewish Kehilla Presidents [& Public Figures] – Icyk-Mendel Epsztajn (366-368)

Jewish Kehilla Presidents [& Public Figures] – Abram Działowski (368-368)

Philanthropists – Henryk Markusfeld (369-370)

Philanthropists – the Zygman, Markowicz and Helman Families (370-370)

Philanthropists – Emanuel Wajcenblat (371-371)

Philanthropists – Icze Rotholc (“Porper”) (371-372)

Philanthropists – Dr Hipolit Gajsler (372-372)

Philanthropists – Dr Arnold Bram (373-373)

Philanthropists – Icchok-Majer Krel (373-374)

Paramedics [Felczerzy] – Kopel Kijak (374-375)

Paramedics [Felczerzy] – Wolf [sic Dawid] Windman (375-375)

Women in the Financial Arena (375-376)

Booksellers – Henoch Lapidus and Emanuel Bajgele (376-377)

Booksellers – Fiszel Zajdman (377-378)

The Press – Bocian, Kac and Wajsberg (378-379)

The Press – Editor Ido [Izydor Izaak] Siemiatycki (379-381)

The Press – A. Ch. Sziper (381-382)

The Press – Mojsze Gotlib (382-382)

Teachers – Szacherowna (382-383)

Teachers – Lajbel Landau (383-385)

Sport – Jewish Sportsmen (385-386)

Sport – Efroim (Fredek) Szmaragd (386-387)

Actors – Szaja Borensztajn (389-389)

Actors – Chaim Orbach (389-390)

Częstochower Klezmers (390-391)

Local Characters – Szaje’le Kromołowski (391-392)

Local Characters – Three Noteworthy Families (393-393)

Local Characters – The “Toughs” (393-394)

Local Characters – Organ Grinders & Thieves (394-394)

Local Characters – Królowa [Queen] Jadwiga (395-395)

Local Characters – Madmen (395-396)

Calendar [Chronology] & Yuhrzeits (397-399)

Protocols of Authentication (400-400)

Material Sources (401-403)

Bibliography (404-405)

To All the Częstochower Landsmannschaften and Landsleit (407-407)

In Eternal Memory – Part 1 (409-436)

In Eternal Memory – Part 2 (437-463)


ENGLISH TRANSLATION:

Dave Horowitz-Larochette


IMPORTANT NOTICE

While this English translation is available for download, it may not, either in part or as a whole, be distributed or published without the prior written permission of Andrew Rajcher, this English-language version copyright-holder.



Academic Consultative Panel

Academic Consultative Panel

- preserving the words of our Holocaust Survivors for future generations

WHY DO WE HAVE AN ACADEMIC CONSULTATIVE PANEL?

In order to aid in the accuracy of the facts, contained in the texts of authors in the Yizkor Book translations within our Częstochowa Yizkor Book Project, we have formed an Academic Consultative Panel, comprising four outstanding Polish historians, who each have considerable knowledge and experience in the Jewish history of Poland.

The World Society is very fortunate to have found DAVE HOROWITZ-LAROCHETTE as our translator who, not only translates from Hebrew AND Yiddish, but is also pedantic as to the accuracy of his translations. He is also very aware of any historical anomalies that arise and he goes above and beyond the call of duty when it comes to explanations to help the reader more fully understand the text. This is attested to by the many footnotes which he adds to his translations.

When details of a particular incident, from before, during or after the War, differ in the account of one Yizkor Book article writer, from details about the SAME incident as written by another Yizkor Book article writer, these anomalies will be referred to the Academic Consultative Panel for their opinion. These anomalies usually relate to differences in dates, the names of the Nazis involved, the names and numbers of victims and even the names of streets and places which may have since changed. While the text of the article will be translated as written by the author, the Panel’s opinion will be included as a footnote on the appropriate page.

We believe that having this panel of experts will further our aim and obligation – to translate, into English, ACCURATELY AND COMPLETELY, the words of Holocaust Survivors speaking, from the “beyond the grave”, to us and to future generations.

THE ACADEMIC CONSULTATIVE PANEL

Professor Dr. hab. JERZY MIZGALSKI

Professor Mizgalski is a long-term friend of the World Society of Częstochowa Jews & Their Descendants, having been the creator and curator of “The Jews of Częstochowa” exhibition, which has now found a permanent home in the Częstochowa Jewish Museum. He has served the Pedagogical University in Częstochowa (now the Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa) as Deputy Dean for Student Affairs in the Faculty of Philology and History and as Deputy-Rector for Teaching and Student Affairs. One of his special academic achievements is the development of research into the history of the Jewish population in Częstochowa in the 20th century. Professor Mizgalski has written three monographs, forty-four chapters in monographs and academic articles and edited or co-edited thirteen collective works.

Professor Dr. hab. MAGDALENA RUTA

Professor Magdalena Ruta, a native of Częstochowa, is Associate Professor at the Institute of Jewish Studies at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, where she teaches Yiddish language and literature. She has translated several prose  works from Yiddish into Polish and published numerous articles on modern Yiddish literature and culture. She is the editor of several books, among them being Under the Red Banner: Yiddish Culture in the Communist Countries in the Post-war Era (co-edited with Elvira Groezinger, 2008), and a tri-lingual (Yiddish-Polish- English) anthology, Nisht bay di taykhn fun Bovl / Not on the Rivers of Babylon: An anthology of Yiddish Poetry in the post-WW2 Poland, (2012). Her monographs include Without Jews? Yiddish Literature in the People’s Republic of Poland on the Holocaust, Poland and Communism (2012).

Professor Dr. hab. JANUSZ SPYRA

Professor Janusz Spyra, a history graduate from the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, is a professor at the Institute of History at the Jan Długosz University of Humanities and Sciences in Częstochowa. He is the author of nine monographs, incl. Rabbiner in der Provinz. Die Rolle des Rabbiners im Leben der jüdischen Gemeinschaft in Teschener und Troppauer Schlesien, Peter Lang Verlag, Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Warsaw, Vienna 2018 and over two hundred academic articles. He specialises in the history of Górny Śląsk (Upper Silesia) Jewry in modern times in Upper Silesia, especially in Cieszyn Silesia.

Professor Dr. hab. DARIUSZ STOLA

Professor Stola is former Director of the POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews. He is a renowned historian and is currently a professor at the Institute for Political Studies in the Polish Academy of Sciences. He specialises in the history of the Holocaust, Polish-Jewish relations, human migrations and in the history of Poland’s post-War Communist regime. He has authored and edited numerous books, and over one hundred scholarly works. In recognition of his achievements, Professor Stola has received numerous scholarships, awards and accolades.

Click HERE to return to Częstochowa Yizkor Books Project main page.

The Częstochowa Yizkor Books Project has been made possible by the financial support of the

Wolf Rajcher z”l and Dora Rajcher z”l were both Holocaust survivors from Częstochowa.

They were prisoners in both the “Big Ghetto” and the “Small Ghetto” and, until liberation, were slave labourers in HASAG-Pelcery. Following the War, they emigrated to Melbourne Australia.

Upon the passing of both his parents, their son, Andrew Rajcher, established this charitable fund in their memory.


Czenstochower Yidn

The Jews of Częstochowa (1947)

Czenstochower Yidn

This Yizkor Book was published in New York, in 1947, by the United Czenstochower Relief Committee & Ladies Auxiliary. In all probability, it is the second Yizkor Book, relating to Częstochowa, to be published after the War, second only to Adam Zilbersztajn’s The Ghettoes – Warsaw, Częstochowa. So that, to the book’s contributors, their memories would still be very fresh.

According to this Yizkor Book’s Editorial Committee:

The “Kehilla” of 30,000 Jewish souls in Częstochowa, with the exception of a small remnant, shared the fate of the 3,500,000 Polish Jews and of the six million Jewish victims of Nazism and Fascism in Europe. Yet our book, “Czenstochower Yidn”, was not created as a stone “matzevah” in the cemetery of Jewish Częstochowa, but as a “Book of Life”.

The writing of this “Book of Life”, about all of the generations and layers of Jewish population who struggled and who created our home city, was our duty. The memory of Jewish Częstochowa has been sanctified a thousand-fold by the martyred deaths of our brothers and sisters.

Our “Book of Life”, “Czenstochower Yidn” is also our “Book of Lineage”. The Częstochowa neighbourhood, which was built and inhabited by Jews, is now either utterly ruined or settled by non-Jews. A large number of institutions, which were the pride of the Jewish community, will most likely be taken over by strangers. All the Jewish streets, all the Jewish houses, all Jewish institutions belong to us. We will always take pride in them and honour those who created them.


This Yizkor book, in its entirety, has been professionally translated into English.

 

The professional English translation of this Yizkor book has been made possible by the financial support of the

Wolf Rajcher z”l and Dora Rajcher z”l were both Holocaust survivors from Częstochowa.

They were prisoners in both the “Big Ghetto” and the “Small Ghetto” and, until liberation, were slave labourers in HASAG-Pelcery. Following the War, they emigrated to Melbourne Australia.

Upon the passing of both his parents, their son, Andrew Rajcher, established this charitable fund in their memory.

Click on SECTION HEADINGS to reveal chapters.
Chapters are listed in the order in which they appear in the Yizkor Book.
(The numbers in brackets, after each article, correspond to the appropriate page numbers in the Yizkor Book.)

Introduction (I-II)

Table of Contents (III-IV)

Foreword – from the Editorial Board (V-VI)

Preface – from the Editor (VII-XII)

Introduction (1-2)

Dr. Jakow Szacki: The Jews in Częstochowa to the First War World (3-31)

Ch. L. Szwarc: Częstochowa Becomes a City (32-46)

D.Bezbrodko: The Jews in Industry (47-50)

Dr.R.Mahler, J.Sz. Herc, A.Chrobolovsky: Professional Workers’ Unions (50-60)

A.Chrobolovsky: Professional Union of Commercial Employees (60-61)

A.Gotlib: The Craftsmen’s Union and Guilds (61-64)

A.Szymonowicz: The Craftsmen’s Ha’Chalutz (64-65)

A.Buchman: The Gardening School (66-68)

A.Gotlib: The Crafts School (68-70)

Chaja Wage-Rotman, A.Chrobolovsky, R.Federman: The I.L. Peretz Workers’ Kindergartens & Primary School  (70-77)

S.Wirstel: The Jewish Gymnazjum  (78-79)

A. Chrobolovsky: Evening Courses  (79-80)

P. Szmulewicz, A. Chrobolovsky: Lira & the Jewish Literary Society  (80-85)

A. Chrobolovsky: Jewish Libraries  (85-87)

W. Gliksman, A. Chrobolovsky, R. Federman: Yiddish Theatre in Częstochowa  (87-92)

A. Chrobolovsky, M. Ceszynski, R. Federman: The Yiddish Press  (92-101)

A. Chrobolovsky: The Jewish Sports Movement  (101-103)

A. Kaufman: The New Study-Hall (103-104)

Dr. Kohn-Kolin, F.Szmulewicz: Dobroczyność (105-107)

From the Częstochower Wochenblatt – 31st October 1913: The Jewish Hospital (107-108)

F.Szmulewicz: The Popular Bakery (109-110)

Dr. Kohn-Kolin: TOZ (110-111)

A. Chrobolovsky: Częstochower Cooperatives (111-111)

Pictures for the Article The I.L. Peretz Kindergartens & Primary School (112-112)

C.  Szpaltyn, F. Szmulewicz: The Relief Committee for Refugees from Germany (113-114)

Icek Gurski, S. Fajnrajch, Fajtel Szmulewicz, A. Chrobolovsky: SS (Zionist-Socialist Workers Party), Vereinigte”, “Independent” (115-122)

M. Fajnrajch: SS (Zionist-Socialist Workers Party) in the War Against the “Good Boys” (122-123)

Sz. J. Herc: The General Jewish Labour Bund (123-144)

Jakow Kenner: Left-Wing Poalei Zion (144-150)

Chaim Landau: Ha’Shomer Ha’Tzair (150-152)

A. Chrolobovsky, H. Zigas: Political Persecutions and Trials (152-156)

Gina Medem: Jewish Fighters in the Fields of Spain (157-165)

Dr Raphael Mahler: Foreword (165-166)

Mark Liber: The “Rabunek” – the Pogrom of 1902 (166-170)

H. Fajwlowicz, A. Chrobolosky: The Second Pogrom (170-177)

Sz. Herc & Correspondents of the New York “Tog”: The Third Pogrom (177-183)

A. Chrolobovsky: The Last Year (183-186)

L.Brener: The Settlement’s Catastrophe (187-201)

A.B. [Aron Brandes]: Testimony (201-206)

Abram Iżbicki: Testimony (206-212)

Szymon Gotajner: Jews Deported to Germany via Częstochowa (212-215)

W. Gliksman: The Obliteration of the Synagogue (the New Shule) (215-218)

A. Iżbicki: A Night in the Częstochowa Ghetto (218-219)

D. Koniecpoler: The Last Twenty-Four Hours in HASAG (220-222)

M.Kusznir: Activity of the Jewish Ordnungsdienst – the Jewish Police (223-226)

M.Kusznir: Activity of the Bund Under Hitler’s Occupation (226-230)

L.Jurysta: The Activity of the Kibbutz During German Occupation (230-232)

Chaskiel Brzeziński: How the Party Banners of the Left-Wing Poalei Zion were Hidden (232-232)

D.Koniecpoler: The Craftsmen and the Destruction (233-233)

Regulations of the German Authorities – from the Archives of the Central Jewish Historical Committee in Poland (233-239)

Dr Josef Kruk: The End (239-243)

Reprinted from the “Landersberger Lager Zeitung”: Revenge is Sweet (243-246)

Reprinted from the Częstochowa “Głos Narodu”: The Nazi Bandit Shall Hang at the Scaffold (246-247)

L.Brener: For the Third Anniversary of the First Jewish Uprising in the Częstochowa Ghetto (247-249)

Wolf Gliksman: The New Częstochowa (249-252)

Ida Merżan: The Children’s Home in Częstochowa (253-254)

Introduction & Documents re: General Overview of the Fraternal Aid (255-256)

A. Chrobolovsky: A General Overview of the Fraternal Aid (257-264)

A. Kaufman: Czenstochover Aid Society and Czenstochover Relief Committee in New York (265-269)

A. Chrobolovsky & A. Kaufman: The United Czenstochover Relief Committee in New York (269-277)

A. Chrobolovsky: Czenstochover Relief Activists in New York (277-281)

J. Kirszenbaum: The Częstochower Shul [Synagogue] in New York (281-282)

Josef Kaufman: The Czenstochauer Young Men’s (282-285)

A. Kaufman: The Czenstochover Young Ladies Auxiliary in New York (286-288)

A. Litman: Częstochower Branch 261 Arbeiter Ring in New York (289-292)

D. Tanski: Częstochower Branch 11 of the Jewish People’s Fraternal Order (292-298)

J.Win: Częstochower Branch of the Jewish National Workers Alliance (298-299)

D. Tanski: The Częstochower Patronage in New York (299-302)

Founders, Members and Supporters of the Czenstochover Aid Society and Czenstochover  Relief Committee (303-303)

R. Pozner: Chenstochover Neighbourhood Educational Society in Chicago (303-305)

M. Cieszyński: Chenstochover Independent Verein in Chicago (306-309)

P. Prodel: Chenstochover Ladies Aid Society in Chicago (309-310)

J. Gliksman: Chenstochover Rajoner Verein in Detroit (310-313)

H. Grauman: Chenstochover [& Vicinity] Aid Society in Los Angeles (313-315)

H. Grauman: The Częstochower Patronage in Los Angeles (315-316)

D. Tanski: The Rozenblat-Dykerman Circle in New York (317-317)

R. Federman: The National Conference of the Częstochower Landsmannschaften in America and Canada (318-327)

Mary Rozen: There Once Was a Shtetl Działoszyn (328-330)

R. Federman: Erste Zaloshiner Chevra Anshei Bnei Achim in New York (330-337)

P. Kalka: Nowo Radomsko (337-340)

P. Kalka: Nowo Radomsker Landsmannschaft in New York (340-342)

H. Jelen: Kamyk (342-344)

Częstochowers in the Land of Israel (345-347)

F. Szmulewicz, G. Frajtag: A Gathering of Częstochowers in Tel-Aviv (348-350)

Documents from Częstochower Organisations in America & Canada (350-350)

W. Gliksman: Chenstochover and Vicinity Aid Society in Toronto (Canada) (351-352)

W. Gliksman: Chenstochover and Vicinity Aid Society in Montreal (Canada) (353-354)

S. Wirstel: Society of Częstochower Landsleit in Argentina (354-355)

D. Wrocławski: Częstochowers in Paris (355-358)

Abram Rajzen: A Day in Częstochowa (359-360)

Lajbisz Lehrer: Częstochowa, My Częstochowa (360-361)

A. Chrobolovsky: In and Around the Workers Club (361-362)

Szymon Biro [Birencwajg]: Częstochower Coalminers (363-364)

Dr L. Lazarowicz: Doctors (364-366)

F. Gerbowski : A Bunch of Flowers (366-367)

Bela Goldwirt : Anonymous Landsleit (367-368)

A. Chrobolovsky: The Malarskies (368-373)

Raphael Federman: From My Life (374-398)

The Editorial Board: The History of the Book Czenstochover Yidn (399-403)

Dr Mahler’s Biography & a Few Co-Workers (404-404)

In translating the following “Who’s Who” section, every effort has been made to transliterate, from the Yiddish texts, as accurately as possible, the names as they would have been spelt in a historically, accurate manner (surnames may have been changed post-War). This includes the use of Polish diacritics where appropriate. (Such care and research may not have been carried out in translations of this section appearing elsewhere.)
Nevertheless, if you cannot find a name you seek here, please try alternate spellings: e.g. Rajcher/Reicher, Rubinsztajn/Rubinstein, Dembiński/Dębinski, Chorowicz/Horowicz, Nusyn/Nusen, Chiel/Chil, Rywka/Rifka, Sara/Sura, Jacob/Jakób/Jakub, etc..  Different spellings, such as these, may also impact any family tree genealogical research.
Should you need any advice regarding the appropriate Polish spellings of Jewish names or surnames, please feel free to contact the Webmaster.

Index of Names Appearing in this “Who’s Who” Section

א [Aleph] – surnames beginning with A, I and O (I-IV)

ב [Beit] – surnames beginning with B (IV-XIII)

ג [Gimel] – surnames beginning with G (XIII-XXVII)

ד [Daled] – surnames beginning with D and J (XXVII-XXX)

ה [Hey] – surnames beginning with H (XXX-XXXIV)

 וו [Vav] – surnames beginning with V and W (XXXV-XLII)

ז [Zayn] – surnames beginning with Z (XLII-XLV)

ט [Tes/Tet] – surnames beginning with C and T (XLV-XLVII)

י [Yud] – surnames beginning with J and Y (XLVII-XLIX)

כ  [Chof] – surnames beginning with Ch (XLIX-L)

ט [Tes/Tet] – surnames beginning with T (LI-LI)

ל [Lamed] – surnames beginning with L (LI-LVIII)

מ [Mem] – surnames beginning with M (LVIII-LXI)

נ [Nun] – surnames beginning with N (LXII-LXIII)

ט [Samech] – surnames beginning with C and S – L and N listed out of order (LXIII-LXVIII)

ע  [Ayin] – surnames beginning with E (LXVIII-LXIX)

[Pey] – surnames beginning with P (LXX-LXXII)

[Fey] – surnames beginning with F (LXXII-LXXVIII)

צ [Tzadik]  – surnames beginning with C and T (LXXVIII-LXXXII)

ק [Kuf] – surnames beginning with K (LXXXII-XCIV)

ר [Reish] – surnames beginning with R (XCIV-XCVIII)

ש [Shin] – surnames beginning with S (XCIX-CVIII)

Addendum – miscellaneous surnames (CIX-CXVI)

Częstochowers in the Fight Against Fascism (CXVII-CXXXVIII)

Those Who Have Gone to Their Eternal Repose (CXXXIX-CXLIV)

Index of Names Appearing in this Yizkor Book


ENGLISH TRANSLATION:

Dave Horowitz-Larochette


IMPORTANT NOTICE

While the English translation is available for download, it may not, either in part or as a whole, be distributed or published without the prior written permission of Andrew Rajcher, the copyright-holder of this English-language version of this Yizkor Book.